{"id":262,"date":"2026-09-22T10:23:45","date_gmt":"2026-09-22T02:23:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yykcj.com\/?p=262"},"modified":"2026-09-22T10:23:45","modified_gmt":"2026-09-22T02:23:45","slug":"%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e5%88%86%e5%ba%93%e5%88%86%e8%a1%a8%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e5%88%b0-shardingsphere-%e8%90%bd%e5%9c%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yykcj.com\/?p=262","title":{"rendered":"\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1a\u4ece\u539f\u7406\u5230 ShardingSphere \u843d\u5730"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f53\u5355\u8868\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7 500 \u4e07\u884c\u6216\u5355\u5e93\u78c1\u76d8\u5bb9\u91cf\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u8fbe\u5230\u74f6\u9888\u65f6\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u4f1a\u6025\u5267\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u5782\u76f4\u62c6\u5206\uff08\u6309\u4e1a\u52a1\u62c6\u5e93\uff09\u548c\u6c34\u5e73\u62c6\u5206\uff08\u6309\u89c4\u5219\u62c6\u8868\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u5fc5\u9009\u9879\u3002\u4f46\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u4e5f\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1\u3001\u8de8\u8282\u70b9\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u5168\u5c40 ID \u7b49\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u5e26\u4f60\u4ece\u96f6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba2\u5355\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u57fa\u4e8e ShardingSphere-JDBC \u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e00\u3001\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u7b56\u7565\u9009\u62e9<\/h2>\n<h3>1.1 \u5782\u76f4\u62c6\u5206 vs \u6c34\u5e73\u62c6\u5206<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5782\u76f4\u5206\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1a\u6309\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u8868\u62c6\u5206\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u6237\u5e93\u3001\u8ba2\u5355\u5e93\u3001\u5546\u54c1\u5e93\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f\u8868\u6570\u91cf\u591a\u3001IO \u7ade\u4e89\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5782\u76f4\u5206\u8868<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u5bbd\u8868\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8868+\u6269\u5c55\u8868\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8ba2\u5355\u57fa\u7840\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u8ba2\u5355\u8be6\u60c5\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6c34\u5e73\u5206\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1a\u540c\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u6309\u89c4\u5219\u62c6\u5206\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6c34\u5e73\u5206\u8868<\/strong>\uff1a\u540c\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u6309\u89c4\u5219\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u5f20\u8868\uff0c\u4ecd\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5e93\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f18\u5148\u5782\u76f4\u62c6\u5206\uff0c\u518d\u6c34\u5e73\u62c6\u5206\uff1b\u6c34\u5e73\u62c6\u5206\u65f6\u901a\u5e38\u5206\u5e93\u4e0e\u5206\u8868\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5355\u5e93\u8868\u8fc7\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1.2 \u5206\u7247\u952e\u4e0e\u5206\u7247\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u5206\u7247\u952e\uff08Sharding Key\uff09\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u9009\u62e9<strong>\u9ad8\u57fa\u6570\u3001\u5206\u5e03\u5747\u5300\u3001\u4e14\u9ad8\u9891\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6<\/strong>\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u8ba2\u5355\u573a\u666f\u5e38\u7528 <code>user<em>id<\/code> \u6216 <code>order<\/em>id<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u53d6\u6a21<\/strong>\uff1a<code>user_id % 4<\/code>\uff0c\u5206\u5e03\u5747\u5300\u4f46\u6269\u5bb9\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8303\u56f4<\/strong>\uff1a\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u6613\u6269\u5bb9\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u70ed\u70b9\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u54c8\u5e0c<\/strong>\uff1a\u6269\u5bb9\u65f6\u5f71\u54cd\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u610f<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u65e6\u9009\u5b9a\u5206\u7247\u952e\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u6240\u6709\u67e5\u8be2\u5c3d\u91cf\u643a\u5e26\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5168\u8def\u7531\u626b\u63cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001\u5b9e\u6218\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e ShardingSphere-JDBC \u62c6\u5206\u8ba2\u5355\u8868<\/h2>\n<h3>2.1 \u73af\u5883\u51c6\u5907<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>MySQL 8.0\uff08\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e93\uff1a<code>ds0<\/code>\u3001<code>ds1<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n<li>Spring Boot 2.7.x<\/li>\n<li>ShardingSphere-JDBC 5.3.0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0e\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">\n-- \u5728 ds0 \u548c ds1 \u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u6267\u884c\nCREATE DATABASE ds0;\nCREATE DATABASE ds1;\n\n-- ds0 \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa t_order_0, t_order_1\nCREATE TABLE ds0.t_order_0 (\n  order_id BIGINT NOT NULL,\n  user_id BIGINT NOT NULL,\n  amount DECIMAL(10,2),\n  create_time DATETIME,\n  PRIMARY KEY (order_id)\n);\nCREATE TABLE ds0.t_order_1 LIKE ds0.t_order_0;\n\n-- ds1 \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa t_order_0, t_order_1\nCREATE TABLE ds1.t_order_0 LIKE ds0.t_order_0;\nCREATE TABLE ds1.t_order_1 LIKE ds0.t_order_0;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>2.2 \u5f15\u5165\u4f9d\u8d56<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-xml\">\n&lt;dependency&gt;\n    &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.shardingsphere&lt;\/groupId&gt;\n    &lt;artifactId&gt;shardingsphere-jdbc-core-spring-boot-starter&lt;\/artifactId&gt;\n    &lt;version&gt;5.3.0&lt;\/version&gt;\n&lt;\/dependency&gt;\n&lt;dependency&gt;\n    &lt;groupId&gt;mysql&lt;\/groupId&gt;\n    &lt;artifactId&gt;mysql-connector-java&lt;\/artifactId&gt;\n    &lt;version&gt;8.0.33&lt;\/version&gt;\n&lt;\/dependency&gt;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>2.3 \u914d\u7f6e\u5206\u7247\u89c4\u5219<\/h3>\n<p><code>application.yml<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">\nspring:\n  shardingsphere:\n    datasource:\n      names: ds0,ds1\n      ds0:\n        type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource\n        driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver\n        jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql:\/\/localhost:3306\/ds0?useSSL=false\n        username: root\n        password: 123456\n      ds1:\n        type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource\n        driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver\n        jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql:\/\/localhost:3306\/ds1?useSSL=false\n        username: root\n        password: 123456\n    rules:\n      sharding:\n        tables:\n          t_order:\n            actual-data-nodes: ds$-&gt;{0..1}.t_order_$-&gt;{0..1}\n            database-strategy:\n              standard:\n                sharding-column: user_id\n                sharding-algorithm-name: db-inline\n            table-strategy:\n              standard:\n                sharding-column: user_id\n                sharding-algorithm-name: table-inline\n        sharding-algorithms:\n          db-inline:\n            type: INLINE\n            props:\n              algorithm-expression: ds$-&gt;{user_id % 2}\n          table-inline:\n            type: INLINE\n            props:\n              algorithm-expression: t_order_$-&gt;{user_id % 2}\n    props:\n      sql-show: true\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u610f<\/strong>\uff1a<code>actual-data-nodes<\/code> \u5fc5\u987b\u8986\u76d6\u6240\u6709\u771f\u5b9e\u8868\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u63d2\u5165\u65f6\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.4 \u7f16\u5199\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e0e Mapper<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">\n@Data\n@TableName(&quot;t_order&quot;)\npublic class Order {\n    @TableId(type = IdType.ASSIGN_ID)\n    private Long orderId;\n    private Long userId;\n    private BigDecimal amount;\n    private LocalDateTime createTime;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">\n@Mapper\npublic interface OrderMapper extends BaseMapper&lt;Order&gt; {\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>2.5 \u6d4b\u8bd5\u5206\u7247\u6548\u679c<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">\n@SpringBootTest\nclass OrderShardingTest {\n    @Autowired\n    private OrderMapper orderMapper;\n\n    @Test\n    void testInsert() {\n        for (long userId = 1; userId &lt;= 4; userId++) {\n            Order order = new Order();\n            order.setUserId(userId);\n            order.setAmount(new BigDecimal(&quot;100.00&quot;));\n            order.setCreateTime(LocalDateTime.now());\n            orderMapper.insert(order);\n        }\n    }\n\n    @Test\n    void testSelect() {\n        \/\/ \u643a\u5e26\u5206\u7247\u952e\uff0c\u7cbe\u51c6\u8def\u7531\n        Order order = orderMapper.selectById(1L);\n        System.out.println(order);\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6267\u884c <code>testInsert<\/code> \u540e\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<code>user<em>id=1<\/code> \u4f1a\u8def\u7531\u5230 <code>ds1.t<\/em>order<em>1<\/code>\uff081%2=1\uff09\uff0c<code>user<\/em>id=2<\/code> \u8def\u7531\u5230 <code>ds0.t<em>order<\/em>0<\/code>\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5747\u5300\u5206\u6563\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u5751\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h2>\n<h3>3.1 \u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4e3b\u952e<\/h3>\n<p>\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u540e\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u81ea\u589e\u3002ShardingSphere \u5185\u7f6e\u96ea\u82b1\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 <code>@TableId(type = IdType.ASSIGN_ID)<\/code> \u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210 19 \u4f4d Long \u578b ID\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.2 \u8de8\u8282\u70b9\u5206\u9875<\/h3>\n<p><code>LIMIT 10 OFFSET 100<\/code> \u4f1a\u4ece\u6240\u6709\u5206\u7247\u53d6 110 \u6761\u518d\u5185\u5b58\u5f52\u5e76\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u5dee\u3002<strong>\u5efa\u8bae<\/strong>\uff1a\u907f\u514d\u6df1\u5206\u9875\uff0c\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u4e0a\u6b21\u6700\u5927 ID\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6e38\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.3 \u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1<\/h3>\n<p>\u8de8\u5e93\u66f4\u65b0\u9700\u5f15\u5165 Seata \u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u67d4\u6027\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002ShardingSphere \u652f\u6301 LOCAL\u3001XA\u3001BASE \u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u63a8\u8350 BASE + \u6d88\u606f\u6700\u7ec8\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.4 \u6570\u636e\u8fc1\u79fb\u4e0e\u6269\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<p>\u4ece\u5355\u5e93\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528 ShardingSphere-Scaling \u6216\u53cc\u5199\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u6269\u5bb9\u65f6\u5efa\u8bae\u6210\u500d\u589e\u52a0\u5206\u7247\uff08\u5982 2 \u5e93\u53d8 4 \u5e93\uff09\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u8fc1\u79fb\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u5ef6\u4f38<\/h2>\n<p>\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u6709\u6548\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u8bc4\u4f30\u662f\u5426\u5fc5\u987b\u5206\uff08\u5355\u8868 < 500 \u4e07\u4f18\u5148\u4f18\u5316\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u5f52\u6863\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u5206\u7247\u952e\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5747\u5300\u4e14\u9ad8\u9891\u67e5\u8be2\u643a\u5e26\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 ShardingSphere-JDBC \u900f\u660e\u5316\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4fb5\u5165\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5904\u7406\u597d\u5168\u5c40 ID\u3001\u8de8\u8282\u70b9\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u7814\u7a76 ShardingSphere-Proxy\uff08\u4ee3\u7406\u5c42\uff09\u3001\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb\u3001\u5f39\u6027\u4f38\u7f29\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ed3\u5408 NewSQL \u5982 TiDB\u3002<\/p>\n<p>> \u672c\u6587\u4ee3\u7801\u5df2\u4e0a\u4f20\u81f3 GitHub \u793a\u4f8b\u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u672c\u6587\u6df1\u5165\u8bb2\u89e3\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u7684\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u4e0e\u5e38\u89c1\u9677\u9631\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7 ShardingSphere-JDBC \u5b9e\u6218\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u8ba2\u5355\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6c34\u5e73\u62c6\u5206\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u52a9\u4f60\u638c\u63e1\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6269\u5c55\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,225],"tags":[244,243,245,242,154],"class_list":["post-262","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-4","category-225","tag-mysql","tag-shardingsphere","tag-245","tag-242","tag-154"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yykcj.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/262","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yykcj.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yykcj.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yykcj.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yykcj.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=262"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/yykcj.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/262\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yykcj.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=262"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yykcj.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=262"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yykcj.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=262"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}